There are a few used tractor inspection tips that can help you find a tractor in good condition. By knowing what to look for when buying a used tractor, you can ensure the tractor's main components are working correctly and are likely to last a long time before needing repairs. Below you can find the main things to check before buying a used tractor:
1. Appearance of Body and Tires
One of the first things you should inspect on a tractor is its overall appearance. If it looks beaten up and nearing its end of use, it may have been poorly handled and may be close to the end of its life span. Alternatively, if it looks like it's been taken care of and well maintained, it probably has been.
Tires can be especially expensive to replace, so cracks or bulges are major warning signs. You can also check the tread depth of the tires to see how worn they are before you make a purchase. After measuring the tread depth, cross-reference the measurements with the tire manufacturer's site to compare the tread depth of brand new tires and the depth of the used tractor's tires. Comparing the tire tread depth can help you know how much longer the tractor's tires will last before needing a replacement.
2. Engine Compartment
As far as tips for buying a used tractor go, ensuring the engine is in good condition is one of the most important recommendations. To check the engine, lift the tractor's hood and start the tractor. While it's running, see if there any leaks from the hoses, hydraulics or engine. Also, inspect the engine for cracked or worn fuel, coolant or hydraulic lines. You can check the engine plate to ensure the engine meets your area's emission standards and has the amount of horsepower you require.
Next, hold a mechanic's stethoscope to the engine block and listen for sounds like scratching or knocking from the engine cylinders. With the tractor shut down, take the air filter off and look at it. If the air filter has been changed regularly according to the manufacturer's recommendations, it shouldn't appear dirty.
3. Articulation Point
The articulation point of the tractor is key to the machine functioning properly. Start by performing a visual inspection. Look to see if the articulation point has been properly greased, and check if there are any metal shards. These shards are an indicator the tractor hasn't been maintained properly.
In addition to your visual inspection, you should also conduct an operational inspection. To begin this inspection, start the tractor and begin to drive it forward and backward. While driving the tractor, listen for a knock, which could be a sign there's an issue with a transmission slip.
After moving the tractor back and forth, turn the tractor left and right, feeling for any wandering or looseness in the steering wheel. If you feel any looseness or wandering, the tractor's primary pin could've been bent or otherwise damaged. Tight or hard steering could mean the pins require some grease or the tractor's hydraulic cylinders may not be functioning correctly.
4. Power Take-Off Shaft
To check the power take-off (PTO) shaft, run the tractor and turn the PTO. While turning, make sure there's a smooth rotating movement and there are no strange noises coming from the running output shaft. If you hear any knocking or the rotating movement isn't smooth, it could be a sign the PTO shaft is damaged, with potential repairs being quite costly.
5. Hydraulic System
Checking the hydraulic system is another major piece of the inspection process. If you see loose seals or leaks in the system, the hydraulic tank or the outlets could be damaged. If you plan to use attachments with your tractor, check that there are enough auxiliary lines and hydraulic outlets with the appropriate power to handle all the attachments you want to use.
6. Cab
The cab is another good place to inspect for proper functioning and signs a tractor has been taken care of well. A muddy and dirty interior is a warning sign the cab hasn't been properly maintained. For cabs with a guidance system, inspect the receiver, electronic components and displays to ensure they're in good condition.
While in the cab, you can also see how many hours the tractor has been in operation. High hours of operation could be a sign the tractor is going to need maintenance sooner. However, a tractor with higher hours that's been taken care of properly can still be a smart investment.
7. Maintenance Log and Other Documentation
Any used farm tractor inspection tips should include the recommendation to check the tractor's documentation. When you go through the tractor's work orders, inspection lists and maintenance logs, you can get a clear picture of how the tractor was used and the types of repairs that were performed on it.